| Both Sjögren's syndrome and non-Sjögren's sicca syndrome are not only characterized by dryness of mainly the eyes and mouth, reduced well-being, myalgia, and arthralgia, but also by invalidating fatigue. Recent research in Sjögren patients demonstrated that fatigue can improve through non-pharmacological mechanisms. This suggests possibilities for a psychological intervention; especially when a) only patients are included with fatigue above a predefined cut-off, b) the intervention targets at specific cognitive, emotional, behavioral, and social factors that may have a perpetuating role in fatigue, and c) the intervention modules are tailored to the perpetuating factors of each patient. In other syndromes, the treatment of perpetuating factors of chronic fatigue has been shown successful. The maintaining factors of fatigue in Sjögren's syndrome and non-Sjögren's sicca syndrome are, however, not known. The aim of the proposed questionnaire study in 400 patients with Sjögren's syndrome and non-Sjögren's sicca syndrome is to examine the association between psychological processes and chronic fatigue. Amongst others, we will examine feelings of helplessness, catastrophizing thoughts, and acceptance; thoughts about physical exercise and focus at somatic problems; the individual way of regulating emotions; and social interactions. The findings of this first study will be used to develop a psychological intervention. Existing modules of treatment protocols will be used. Insight into causal psychological processes that play a role in maintenance of fatigue can only be obtained by intervening experimentally in those factors. The aim of our second study in 144 patients will be to examine whether the chosen psychological intervention will affect fatigue in a favorable way. Participants in this study consist of three groups of 48 patients each (24 Sjögren's syndrome, 24 non-Sjögren's sicca syndrome). The treatment group will be compared to a waiting-list control group, and a natural course non-treatment group. We expect that the intervention will improve fatigue. |